When __ occurs in group, open discussion, critical thinking and problem solving are prevented.

When __ occurs in group, open discussion, critical thinking and problem solving are prevented.

• A. Group interdependence
• B. Group dependence
• C. Devil's advocate thinking
• D. Group collusion

Answer: (D)

Group collusion is when members secretly cooperate to avoid conflict and present a consensus that hasn’t been critically examined. When this happens, open discussion is stifled, dissenting viewpoints are muted, and people stop challenging ideas, which stops exploring alternative solutions and hinders problem solving. This is different from group interdependence, which can support collaboration and thorough discussion; group dependence, while about relying on others, doesn’t inherently suppress critique; and devil’s advocate thinking is intentionally used to provoke critique and strengthen decision making, not prevent it.

Group collusion is when members secretly cooperate to avoid conflict and present a consensus that hasn’t been critically examined. When this happens, open discussion is stifled, dissenting viewpoints are muted, and people stop challenging ideas, which stops exploring alternative solutions and hinders problem solving. This is different from group interdependence, which can support collaboration and thorough discussion; group dependence, while about relying on others, doesn’t inherently suppress critique; and devil’s advocate thinking is intentionally used to provoke critique and strengthen decision making, not prevent it.